The choice of the size and cross -section of the Mauerlat during the construction of the roof

The size and cross-section of the Mauerlat are important factors to take into account when constructing a roof. Often referred to as the wall plate, the Mauerlat is a horizontal beam or piece of wood that rests atop the walls and supports the roof structure. Its main function is to equally distribute the roof’s weight across the load-bearing walls below it.

Several considerations must be made when selecting the appropriate cross-section and size for the Mauerlat. First and foremost, the kind and weight of the roof covering are important factors. In contrast to lighter materials like metal roofing, heavier materials like tile or slate call for a stronger Mauerlat. The length of the roof, or the space between supporting walls, affects the Mauerlat’s measurements as well.

Structure is the most important factor. In addition to the roof covering, the Mauerlat needs to be able to sustain any additional loads, like snow in colder climates or wind forces in storm-prone areas. Based on these variables, engineering calculations usually determine the required dimensions to guarantee the stability and longevity of the roof.

Furthermore, in order to guarantee adherence to safety standards, local building codes and regulations frequently specify minimum requirements for the size and strength of the Mauerlat. Following these recommendations is essential for architects and builders in order to avoid structural problems and guarantee the building occupants’ safety over time.

Mauerlat design and device

The primary responsibility of Mauerlat is to evenly distribute the weight of the roof and overhangs on the house’s load-bearing walls. His second task is to reduce the roof’s roofing factor as much as possible to reduce the chance of a wind gust shattering the roof.

In actuality, some buildings do not have this component. In this instance, the entire load is supported by the rafters’ points of fastening because their rafter system is directly attached to the building’s box.

The choice of material and its features

Generally, the following metal products are manufactured using wooden beams, breakfast metal beams, channels, or other various metal products:

• Wooden beam. When using a corauerlat beam, the sector dimensions should be as follows: 100 × 100 mm, 100 × 150 mm, 80 × 180 mm, 150 × 150 mm or 200 × 200 mm. When laying it is placed around the perimeter of the walls. The main factor in the selection of the beam will be the absence of knots, since the Mauerlat is stretched, and in the case of a bitch there, a break may occur in this place.
• From fastened boards. If the roof is very light, without insulation and small area, you can use two knocked boards of a similar section.
• Steel pipes. Often, when organizing a Mauerlat, beams made of steel pipes are used. They are a strapping that does not protrude beyond the perimeter of the wall.

These pipes bend extremely well, and the round holes do not weaken the actual wooden rafters. The primary benefit is that the wooden Mauerlat is protected from snow, moisture, and other elements because it is hidden under the roof.

Installation and assembly of the structure

In order to facilitate air circulation within the roofing area and inhibit roof element rot, the top of the Mauerlat is set against a wall 300 millimeters inward from the overlap’s edge.

There are two primary ways to put this design together and install it:

• Mauerlatan bars are connected into a single box along the entire length of the external walls of the building. Connected by a slanting shame, fixed by bolts, nails or self -tapping screws. And the corners are additionally pressed with plates or metal corners. As a result, such a hard frame passing around the entire perimeter of the house takes the spacer and compensates for stretching and bends of the rafter system.
• Around the entire perimeter of the wall, a concrete belt with a protrusion for anchor is poured. This method is relevant only for walls made of foam concrete blocks and similar materials. The bars, attracted by anchors, distribute a vertical load and lower the spacer to the base of the building.

Installation without a reinforced belt

By attaching the rafters directly to the floor beams, this method is used. only in the event that the beams and walls are sufficiently reliable. The following order is followed when performing the work:

1. For the construction of the roof you will need a beam and a trimming board.
2. A beam is laid out under the beams around the perimeter of the roof. The beam is chosen with a section of 50 × 150 millimeters.
3. To protect wood from moisture, waterproofing by roofing ground is produced.
4. The roofing material is bent to the required length and cuts.
5. The beams are installed at the required distance from the edge of the wall.
6. The roofing material is laid around the beam and fixed with a furniture stapler.

Creating a reinforced belt

Building a Mauerlat on aerated concrete walls is the most challenging task in independent manufacture. Since Mauerlat needs a dense base, it is advised to build a structure out of brick or concrete on top of the foam concrete.

A reinforced concrete binding belt is constructed in order to provide a sturdy base and prevent puffing out and damaging the bar’s walls. It is made up of 200 by 150 millimeter concrete tape. While the number of rafters and fasteners should be equal, the primary factor in a proper installation is the calculation of the number and location of the stud installation sites.

The weight of the rafter system, the roofing material, and the load on the roof are used to determine the belt’s thickness.

The M400 brand cement is used as the tape’s primary component, filling in one layer. The solution should consist of cement, sand, and gravel in the ratios of 1: 3: 3. To lower the composition’s water content, a variety of plasticizers can be added to the mixture.

Assembly and choice of material for formwork

At this point, Armopome is essential, so that’s the main thing. Using trimming boards and OSP plates, the formwork can be constructed. Throughout the work process, formwork installation is controlled in a horizontal manner.

The choice of fasteners

Mauerlat is fastened to frame walls made of logs using self-tapping screws or regular nails. Ribbons with perforations are used to improve contact.

If the roof is larger than 250 square meters, the Mauerlat is only fastened to the studs, with a 150-centimeter step all the way around the wall. After pouring a concrete screed, studs are inserted into it. In this instance, there should be a 30-millimeter margin between their height and the height of the beam.

Work on pouring concrete

The concrete filler needs to be at least 50 millimeters thick. Make sure the air cavities do not form as soon as the layer is poured; they can be identified by the outgoing bubbles. It is risky for these cavities to weaken the structure.

After pouring, the formwork can be disassembled for 12 days, or until the solution eventually grabs.

Laying waterproofing materials

If mauerlat is not waterproofed, it will deteriorate quickly and start to rot. It’s essential to waterproof roofing material to stop this process. In order to prevent the material from breaking, the laying is done slightly wider than the beam. The most important step is to work in the holes for the stilettos.

In constructing a roof, choosing the right size and cross-section for the Mauerlat is crucial for ensuring stability and durability. The Mauerlat, a beam that sits atop the walls and supports the roof structure, must be sized appropriately to bear the weight of the roof and transfer it evenly to the walls below. The cross-section, often rectangular or square, influences how well the Mauerlat distributes this load. Factors like the type of roof, the span it covers, and local building codes all play roles in determining these dimensions. By selecting the correct size and cross-section of the Mauerlat, builders can enhance the roof"s strength and longevity, ensuring it withstands the elements over time.

Rift system fastening options

As previously stated, the load distribution is the primary responsibility of installing Mauerlat. Consequently, since the rafters’ fasteners also transmit the weight on them, extra attention must be paid to them. The occurrence of roof displacement and subsidence over time is contingent upon this. This may also occur if a nearby standing object creates a stronger load than one of the rafter legs.

Two techniques are available for fastening rafters to the beam:

• Tough. When using this method, any possible displacements of rafters, bends or shifts are excluded. For a more stable installation, a bearing bar is used, which will not make it possible to move the rafter leg. And the metal corners will exclude the shift of the rafters horizontally. In most cases, ordinary wooden boards are used for rafters, but their minus is that they absorb moisture and quickly swell. It is very important to fix them on the Mauerlat to prevent the formation of spacer force, which can reduce the period of service and reliability of the structure. To do this, the cutting saddle at the end of the rafter leg rests against the Mauerlat and is tightly fixed with nails clogged under the angle. The cuts on the rafters should be strictly the same, and not exceed one third of the width of the rafters.
• Sliding. This fastening is used if the main log house of the building was made from a log house or a beam, which for the first time after laying give siege due to the drying of the walls of the walls. In this case, Mauerlat is no longer used, its role is played by the upper crown of the wall. To compensate for the movement of the log house without harm to the roof, sliding corners are used, which allow you to change the height of the rafter leg attachment. And also this type of fastening is called hinged. Depending on the type of material for walls, all of them have a different shrink coefficient. The glued beam is least of all sags, and the most freshly fresh logs, which in the drying process can lose up to 15% of the height, which will even more distort the roofing system. Roof distortion may occur at the time of operation of the building, for example, during high humidity, with prolonged rains, wood swells greatly, and in the winter loses most of the moisture. In this case, various parts of the walls and sides, depending on the location, have a different shrink coefficient. For the entire period, the technical and overall parameters of the log house are constantly changing. And the internal walls are no exception, especially in the winter, when a large temperature difference is fixed.

When building a roof, selecting the size and cross-section of the Mauerlat is essential because it has a direct effect on the longevity and stability of the entire structure. The base to which the roof rafters are fastened is called the Mauerlat, and it is usually constructed of concrete or wood. The roof load, rafter span, and local building codes are some of the factors that affect its dimensions.

The weight that the Mauerlat must support is one of the main factors to be taken into account when choosing its size. This covers the weight of the roof itself in addition to any extra loads, such as solar panels or snow in colder climates. To make sure the Mauerlat can safely support these loads without collapsing or failing over time, engineers and architects calculate these loads.

Equally significant is the Mauerlat’s cross-section, which establishes the maximum bending stress it can bear. More strength and stability are provided by a larger cross-section, particularly for roofs with wider spans between supports. On the other hand, a smaller cross-section might be necessary for lighter or smaller roofs in order to maximize material use and still meet structural requirements.

The minimum standards for Mauerlat dimensions are also determined by local building codes and regulations. By ensuring that roofs are constructed to withstand loads and anticipated environmental conditions, these codes enhance durability and safety. Adherence to these guidelines is imperative in order to prevent structural problems and possible legal ramifications both during building inspections and throughout the building’s life.

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