Frame House wall pie: device, installation scheme

A frame house’s walls must be constructed using a methodical procedure to guarantee efficiency and longevity. Frame homes, in contrast to conventional brick or concrete constructions, rely primarily on a wooden framework for support. A frame house’s wall pie, or wall structure, usually consists of multiple layers intended to offer weather resistance, structural support, and insulation.

The framework, which is typically composed of steel or wood, is the first component of a frame house wall pie. This framework establishes the shape and arrangement of the walls and supports the entire structure. Insulation is frequently added as the next layer after the frame is installed, helping to control interior temperature and increasing energy efficiency.

The next step is to install a vapor barrier, which is essential to stopping moisture from entering the walls and gradually causing damage. This barrier guarantees a comfortable interior environment while assisting in preserving the integrity of the insulation. Next comes the vapor barrier, which is followed by the exterior cladding or siding. This siding protects the house from the elements while also improving its appearance.

These elements are methodically integrated into the frame house wall pie installation scheme to produce a sturdy and well-built structure. Every layer, from bolstering the structure to improving insulation and fortifying against the weather, is essential to the overall functionality and durability of the home. In order to preserve the integrity of their frame house facades and make informed decisions, both builders and homeowners must have a thorough understanding of this process.

The base of the frame structure

At every stage of the building process, beginning with the foundation’s construction, the insulation technology of frame walls should be observed. Effective wind and noise protection of the room depends on the skeleton being installed correctly and being fastened to the supporting foundation.

Horizontal jumpers and a vertically positioned beam make up the fundamental components of the frame wall. Furthermore, the worse a material conducts heat, the thicker it is. Additional sprinkles or a screed of specific structural elements might also be present. Smoking the entire wood fiber area in relation to the supporting structure yields information about the quality of thermal insulation. It shouldn’t be more than one-fifth of the total surface area.

By creating your own frame structure, the device you choose will depend on the shape and purpose of the structure, you can cut down on the amount of lumber needed to build the wall.

The frame house’s walls are made of high-quality wood with a low humidity content (roughly 11–12%). Such heat protection will become twice as cold if the boards’ moisture content is raised by just a few percent. In particular, the transversely oriented fiber core board is well-liked for insulating frame walls from heat. Tree breeds can have a two-fold decrease in thermal conductivity, depending on the installation technology of the racks and the environmental factors.

Because hard wooden rocks are more densely packed, they have less thermal conductivity. Sometimes a different technology is used to create the frame for an energy-efficient home. In addition to the beam and boards, it also has crossbars installed, which lessen the cold bridge to multiple times.

Approximately 70% of the building’s total insulation volume should come from the exterior walls. When warming the building, this should be considered.

The unique cells created by the frame allow for the placement of insulation materials. Additional layers of the "pie" enclose the material on both the interior and exterior of the house.

Put together "the right pie."Frame walls facing the direction of the building:

1. OSB sheet, wood-based piita, plywood sheet or drywall. Any sheet material creating a basic surface for further finish.
2. Vapor barrier diffusion multifunctional membrane that protects the remaining layers of the “pie” from moisture.
3. A timber frame (a section of the maternal 150×150 or 150×200 mm) and a heat insulator between racks (in the most frequent cases, polystyrene or mineral wool is used, but there are exceptions).
4. The basic surface of the outer structure is OSB slabs, fiberboard sheets or plywood, stuffing on the frame. Minimum slabs thickness – 150 mm. Moreover, the thicker the plate, the better and warmer the walls. If the slabs of lower thickness are used, such a house for winter residence will not be suitable.
5. Horizontal crate from wooden racks or metal profiles, between which another layer of insulation is laid. For external insulation of frame walls, it is better to use polystyrene. In terms of characteristics, it is in no way inferior to Minvat, but its cost is much lower, and moisture resistance and fire resistance at a higher level.
6. Behind the insulation material is the film membrane for isolation from moisture with wide functionality. It protects the insulation from getting wet and is wind protection. The material should have high strength and be of high quality so that it can withstand weather loads.
7. Vertical crate from a bar or profile.
8. Decorative casing in the form of composites or siding.

Advice: Avoid using large, heavy plates for the outdoor frame structure design, such as those made of stone, porcelain tile, or clinker. Such loads are too much for the walls of the frame structure to support.

Skeletal walls have a number of benefits, such as easy and quick installation, heat capacity, a compact design, affordability, and low mass.

When building the frame type structure, there are several guidelines that need to be followed in order to achieve a certain outcome. Accurately determining the thickness of the external walls and internal partitions is crucial, given the region’s climatic and geological features as well as the future structure’s operating conditions. If the supporting structures are too thin, the house will not be suitable for winter living, and if they are too thick, unnecessary money will be wasted on additional materials.

Materials with high levels of sound insulation, low thermal conductivity, a good indicator of moisture resistance, and low cost should be prioritized when selecting a heater.

Don’t forget to install moisture-proof membranes so that the frame structure lasts longer than typical brick or block homes. Be careful not to create cold bridges when installing insulation. Certain conditions are set for the selection of building materials and their characteristics, the order of alternating in a wall pie, by the difference in temperature between the inside and outside of the building as well as the necessity of removing moisture from the walls and the interior of the building.

Video – how to build a frame house with your own hands

Sound insulation is necessary for internal partitions, but no additional moisture protection is required. Selecting a high-quality soundproof barrier will determine how comfortable the residents are. Thermal protection is achieved in tandem with sound-absorbing materials when internal frame partitions are arranged.

They mostly use the following for these purposes:

• Acoustic mineral wool on the adhesive base;
• Isolon (foamed polyethylene with high soundproofing properties);
• Izover (rolled insulation based on basalt or fiberglass);
• foamed rubber (elastic slabs from rubber foam with a closed porous structure);
• soundproofing drywall;
• graphite or ordinary felt.

Materials used

Think about the materials used for frame homes’ walls. The material is selected based on its capacity to support specific loads in addition to aesthetic considerations.

Fundamental set:

1. Formation of square cross section of needles, maple or other solid wood with a moisture level of 11-12%. The optimal thickness of the material is 150×200 or 200×200 mm.
2. Boards from larch or other coniferous trees with a section of 150×50 mm.
3. Two -beams of two bars with a jumper from the OSB slab. It is necessary to adjust the shelves depending on the selected insulation and the size of the base. The use of an I -beam significantly increases the thermal insulation properties of the walls and reduces the risk of deformation of the crate during the shrinkage of the house.
4. Wall decoration for external and internal work. The materials of this category include both composite shields based on plywood or OSB, as well as standard slabs or boards. Glomagnesitis is also used. Materials for intra -ostatic finishes should be qualitatively dried, treated with antiseptics and had no defects.
5. Soft or hard type heat insulator. Most often, when erecting frame walls, basalt or mineral wool, polystyrene or extruded polystyrene foam, sprayed heaters are used.
6. Wind-, moisture-proof and vapor barrier multi-function membranes, contributing to the excretion of moisture from the inside of the walls and do not pass it back. Additional Film function – protecting the structure from moisture and blowing.
7. Materials for decorative finishes. For outdoor design, a metal or vinyl siding, a trimming board with imitation of a beam, block house, artificial stone, acrylic or decorative plaster can be used.

In certain instances, the walls of the frame structure are constructed using an aluminum or galvanized profile in conjunction with foam concrete or a comparable material. With this method, you can construct a more dependable structure as quickly as possible.

With an internal porous structure, films such as wind-protective materials and moisture-proof and vapor-barrier membranes are not like conventional polyethylene. Such a film’s structure prevents reverse penetration by only allowing moisture to seep in one direction. You can use foil material as a moisture barrier. This kind of film can tolerate high temperatures and is steam-cured. It is recommended to use it in locations where heating systems and devices are installed.

Video – overview of insulation for a frame house

All of the materials used, the techniques used to fasten them, and the local climate are examined in order to precisely determine the thickness of the frame walls. The project manager will also consider all contact joints, pipeline parts, and installing communications in the most practical location.

If you are working on a project while it is being built, you will be able to place each element precisely and attach it correctly. Everything, even the smallest details, will be considered.

The fundamentals of building and installing wall panels for frame homes are covered in this article. We offer a thorough guide that covers everything from comprehending the parts of a frame house wall panel to detailing the precise installation procedure. The materials used, the structural advantages of frame construction, and useful advice for guaranteeing a long-lasting and effective wall assembly will all be covered for readers. This guide tries to demystify the complexities of frame house wall panel systems, whether you’re a contractor looking for insights into contemporary construction techniques or a homeowner planning a new build.

Scheme and drawing

To better understand the technology of the device, ascertain for yourself the order in which each layer of the "sandwich" should be installed, and identify the location of materials, consult a detailed drawing that includes a supporting element of a frame house. Additionally, the plan will lessen the likelihood of mistakes being made when installing crucial components like interior pieces and supporting walls.

These days, a lot of frame-type building projects with diagrams are created using specialized PC programs, where a small amount of data is required and the system functions as a detailed drawing.

The following specifications are needed for the program:

• the exact location of the external and internal walls;
• the number of internal premises;
• the thickness of future piers and materials for their device;
• Type of soil and humidity level, climatic and geological features of the region.

The following is included in the future wall’s plan:

• Square and type,
• location of the openings for doors and windows,
• Method of fastening and connection of modules,
• Sandwich.

The final point consists of the order in which the "sandwich" layers are placed as well as the specifications of the materials (kind, thickness, fastening technique, etc.D.).

The drawback of computer-generated drawings is that they lack human judgment when it comes to task performance and fail to consider soil and climate characteristics when creating the ideal project.

Sandwich’s device with a frame house

The sandwich of the inner and outer walls essentially stays the same, regardless of how unique the outside of the frame type and the interior design of the rooms are.

Remember the supporting structures’ device once more:

• external sheathing;
• Contractor (if necessary);
• leaf wood material;
• wind and moisture-proof film;
• heat insulator in the cells of the frame;
• vapor barrier membrane;
• interior decoration in the form of any sheet material and finish.

The internal partition appears to have a much simpler structure. Leaf casing and interior decorative decoration are located on the walls in addition to the frame and heat-sound insulation.

The material chosen may cause a slight variation in the frame wall’s structure. Think about the most popular choices.

Pies of the wall of the frame house with mineral wool

The requirement for effective sound insulation is fully met by this choice. Its apparatus is the subsequent workflow. A hydraulic barrier with a windproof feature is affixed to the exterior using staples after the wood-based material has been packed into the frame. Aluminum tape is used to glue the membrane’s joints together. The decorative finish and counterparty are then packed. The interior of the frame is covered with mineral wool, and the same process is used to attach the vapor barrier film as it is on the exterior. After the leaf material has been packed, finish or decorative panels are installed.

Minvata is highly hygroscopic, so it’s critical to seal the cotton layer as much as possible when assembling a cake of this kind.

Mineral wool prices

Mineral wool

The use of basalt material

Cotton wool made of basalt is superior to mineral wool because it is not afraid of moisture or vibrations and can withstand the growth of mold and fungus.

In this instance, Sandwich’s frame walls are made of the same materials as earlier technologies.

The wall of the frame structure with OSB stove

Prices for OSB (focusing stoves)

OSB (focusing stoves)

In order to make the constructed design more stable and rigid, OSB sheets are used. Serve as a foundation for additional finishing touches and as extra insulation and sound absorption.

In this instance, the pie’s device is identical to that of the earlier choices. The sole item that is customizable is the insulation itself, such as foam or polyurethane foam.

The device of the frame wall according to Finnish technology

What distinguishes Finnish technology from other frame construction techniques? There are two primary technologies used in the construction of frame houses: Finnish and Canadian (Scandinavian). The primary distinction between the two options is that the former requires that structural components be prepared on-site at the installation site, while the latter involves the majority of the structural components being manufactured in a factory and transported in completed form to the construction site.

When putting up walls the Scandinavian way, the work order is as follows:

1. A timber frame is mounted on the strip foundation and the lower overlap is assembled.
2. The assembly of panels from factory blanks is made.
3. The collected panels are installed on the prepared base and are connected by metal brackets.
4. Any selected insulation, OSB and vapor barrier is mounted.
5. Laid down the black floor on the floor.
6. The beams of inter -story ceilings are installed.
7. At the ceilings, the panels of the walls of the attic or the second floor are assembled and installed.
8. The roof frame is mounted.
9. Roof insulation and roof installation is carried out.

Mounting nodes

The frame house’s wall nodes are where the fasteners are located between the walls and the base.

Principal substances:

1. Connection of the bearing walls with the roof. Monolithic racks are installed perpendicular to the wall, but on the pediment or on the partitions they are located in parallel. The angles of the wall frame must be strengthened with additional racks.
2. Inter -stange nodes. For the reliability of the connection of interior walls with external structures, in the side frame perpendicular to the corner extreme rack is an additional. This is necessary for the correct formation of the inner angle and simplifies the installation of the OSB of the plates.
3. Fixing partitions and walls with floor and ceilings. The racks of the supporting frame are nailed with three nails 9 cm long to the beams. If the vertical structure is built directly on the strapping of beams or jumper, the third nail is clogged directly into it. When installing interior partitions, the frame racks are nailed with one fastening element.
4. Door and window openings. In Finnish and Canadian technology, the openings are strengthened in different ways. For example, the Americans came up with a way using double racks mounted above the openings and under them. A hider from the board is attached over the opening, under the opening of horizontal boards, which subsequently hold the weight of the installed structure. Finnish technology instead of Hider provides for a cross.
5. UKSINES or diagonal spacers is one of the most important structural elements of the frame. It is these elements that do not allow the house to rush and fall, providing the frame with additional strength and rigidity. Udusins ​​are cut into the lower and upper strapping of the beams. They are used without fail if it is not planned to use OSB sheets or plywood for lining the frame. UKSINES can be wooden or metal.
6. Corner compound of two load -bearing walls. In winter, the corners tend to freeze, so just connecting the corner beam will not work. An angle is made according to the 2+1 scheme, where the third stand is nailed to one of the extreme and forms a full angle. The racks are connected by five 90 mm nails.

In order to guarantee structural integrity and thermal efficiency, building a frame house’s walls requires a precise and methodical procedure. These walls’ "wall pie," or structure, is usually made up of multiple layers that have been meticulously put together to accomplish these objectives.

The wall’s skeleton is formed by the first layer, referred to as the frame. Typically, this frame is constructed from metal or wood studs spaced regularly apart to provide a strong framework. The studs act as an anchor for the layers that follow and support the entire structure.

Insulation makes up the next layer after the frame is installed. Foam boards, mineral wool, or fiberglass are used as insulation and placed in between the studs. The house’s insulation is essential for controlling indoor temperature, keeping it cool in the summer and warm in the winter.

Insulation is followed by the installation of a vapor barrier. This barrier stops moisture from entering the wall assembly, which could eventually cause rot, mold, and decreased insulation efficiency. It assists in keeping the interior dry and cozy.

To finish the wall pie, the outer layer, also known as the cladding, is applied. There are many different types of cladding materials, such as wood, vinyl, fiber cement, or metal panels. In addition to improving the house’s aesthetic appeal, this layer offers more defense against environmental factors like wind, rain, and UV rays.

In conclusion, the purpose and materials used for each layer must be carefully considered when building a frame house’s wall pie. Every element of the house’s facade, from the external cladding to the structural frame, is essential to its longevity, energy efficiency, and aesthetic appeal.

Video on the topic

Frame walls in the house along SNiP. Build yourself a house.

Correct walls of the frame house.

Pies of the frame wall and floor. SP 31-105 (outdated option)

TOP-5 safe pies of the walls of the frame house

Frame house according to SNiP. Pie of the frame wall along SP 31-105-2002. Build yourself a house.